Civil War ~ Quiz/Project Next Week!

•  People
• Winfield Scott
• Robert E Lee
• Wins most battles fought on Southern soil
• Starts losing battles when he invades the North
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• U.S. Grant
• Stonewall Jackson
• Jeb Stuart
• General Sherman
• Fighting Joe Hooker
• Joe Johnson
• *Albert Sidney Johnson
• Dies in Battle of Shiloh
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• George McCellan
• John Willkes Booth
• Battles
• Bull Run
• 1st Battle
• Confederate armies under Joseph Johnston and Beauregard rout Union troops. Poor Union generalship is partially to blame for their loss. 
• Confederate Victory 
• Stonewall Jackson receives his nickname
• 2nd Battle
• August 30, 1862
• Confederate Generals Lee, Jackson and James Longstreet defeat Union forces under General John Pope. They forced Union troops to evacuate back to Washington
• Shiloh
• Fought in lower TN
• Two day battle
• April 6-7 1862
• Confederate forces under General Albert S. Johnson attacked Grant's army.  Union forces are almost defeated but reinforcements arrive and drive the Confederate army off. 
• Losses
• Union
• 13,000 troops
• Confederate
• 11,000 troops
• Importance
• Death of Albert Sidney Johnson
• General who protects the west
• He leads a series of charges against the Union forces
• His death causes the Confederates to retreat
• As one of the first battles of the war their are more casualties than all previous American war combined
• Antietam
• September 17, 1863
• Bloodiest single day of Battle in American History
• More casualties in all previous American Wars combined.
• Northern Victory
• The Southern loss discourages Britain and France from recognizing the South as a country
• North finally has a victory that allows Lincoln to put the Emancipation Proclamation into effect
• McClellan has Lee's battle plans before the war starts, but still fights until a draw.
• Lee retreats leading to a Northern Victory
• Chancellorsville
• May 2-4, 1863
• Losses for both sides exceed 10,000 soldiers
• Lee's army defeats Hooker's army
• Stonewall Jackson leads an attack from behind, but is mistakenly shot by a Confederate soldier
• Gettysburg
• Lee's second invasion of the North
• Picket's charge
• Blood Bath
• 70,000 men lost
• South loses 28,000
• Northern Victory
• 3 days of battle
• July 1-3 1863
• On July 4, the South surrenders
• Chickamauga
• September 19-20, 1863
• Union Armies led by Generals William Rosencrans & George H. Thomas
• Confederates led by General Braxton Bragg
• Confederate victory
• Losses
• Union
• 16,000 men
• Confederate
• 18,000 men
• Union army retreats to Chattanooga
• Importance
• Bragg's only victory in war
• Forces Union to retreat
• Shows the rise of General Thomas
• Cold Harbor
• June 3, 1864
• Grant attacked Lee's army and loses 
• Importance
• "This is not a war, this is murder."
• Grant realizes that the way to break down Lee, is to fight him day after day, to deplete his supply of men
• Appomattox Courthouse
• April 8, 1864
• Lee surrendered to Grant 
• The terms of surrender were generous
• Confederate officers were free to go home wih their horses 
• Officers may retain their sidearms
• though their equipment must be 
• Gives them 3 days worth of rations
• Sherman's March to the Sea
• November 16, 1864 March started
• No one was fighting him
• His orders were to destroy anything in his pass so that a crow flying overhead would have to carry his own provisions. 
• Completely destroyed anything and everything in his path
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• Other Questions
• Civil War has the most Casualties of any American War to date.
• Cost of the War 
• Union
• 360,000 soldiers out of 2,324,561 enlisted
• $6 million 
• Confederate
• 260,000 soldiers out of the 1 million enlisted
• $3 million
• Total
• 620,000 men (out of 3.3 million enlisted)
• Just number of people that died. not including wounded, POWs and the MIA
• $7 million
• What was the Reconstruction?
• A series of acts used to punish the South.
• Divided the south into military regions controlled by Military Governors
• Set up requirements for the states to be able to come back into the US
• Amendment 14
• Made African Americans citizens of the US
• Gave Black men the right to vote
• White women still don't have the right to vote
• Why did the North win the War?
• They outproduced the south.
• They outnumbered the South
• Had a successful blockade
• South couldn't gain foreign recognition
• North's idea to wage total war and destroy everything in their paths
• How did the Civil War shape our lives today? 
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• Name three ways the Civil War changed the South.
• No more slaves
• They were brought back into the country 
• Their economy was dead. They had to find a new source of income (no slaves to pick their cotton or tobacco)
• Their farmlands were ruined
• It gives rise to what becomes terror and racism (KKK)
• What constitutional right did Lincoln suspend?
• Habeas Corpus "You may have the body"
• Legal action that a prisoner can be released from unfair jailing 
• Lincoln does this for a reason
• Delaware and Maryland surround the Capitol
• He wanted to make sure that DE and MD don't go to the South to protect the capitol
• List the four border states.
• Kentucky
• Missouri
• Delaware
• Maryland
• Why did West Virginia form?
• It was a fairly politically divided state, so they split from Virginia
• What disadvantages did the South face?
• Not industrialized (out produced)
• The North had way more soldiers
• North had more Money
• North had more factories
• Why did the Confederate States believe they had a right to leave the Union?
• They thought they had a constitutional right to leave.
• They joined because they wanted to, they can leave because they want to.
• The didn't think that the North had the right to control their states. They believed in State rights
• Why did the South Secede? 
• They wanted to keep their slaves. They feared the Lincoln was the figure of black emancipation
• They didn't think he had the constitutional right to free slaves
• They were afraid of what he symbolized
• They were afraid of what Lincoln might do
• They wanted to control their own resources and didn't want to the North to bring their industrialism to the South 
• The South didn't like to be told what to do
• What were the three main strategies of the Union at beginning of war?
• Blockade the Docks so the South couldn't trade with other countries
• Get the Mississippi River, to make supplies and movement difficult
• Divide the South in two
• Take Richmond, VA
• Capitol of South
• What was the average age of soldiers who fought in the Civil War?
• 25
• 41% were 21 or younger
• What was the outcome of Bull Run?
• The Union soldiers lost twice.
• Discuss the Battle of Shiloh.
• Confederates attacks the North
• A draw. 
• Confederates retreat.
• Two day battle
• April 6-7 1862
• Confederate forces under General Albert S. Johnson attacked Grant's army.  Union forces are almost defeated but reinforcements arrive and drive the Confederate army off. 
• Losses
• Union
• 13,000 troops
• Confederate
• 11,000 troops
• What were Lincoln’s reasons for the Emancipation Proclamation?
• Emancipation Proclamation really does nothing. 
• He wanted to use it as a political weapon. 
• It frees all the slaves in territories still in rebellion under Confederate control. 
• He was trying to make the slaves run away and rebel.
• And they did.
• It also put a fear in the men that there might be a slave uprising. 
• It was a scare tactic. 
• What did the 13th Amendment do?
• Officially ended slavery.
• Last state to ratify the 13'th Amendment was KY
• How was the Civil War a rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight?
• The war was basically for power. 
• The South's goal was to make the war go on and make it a costly war so that the North would quit fighting
• The North actually had to go into the South and subdue the Union
• People often paid poor people to fight for them. 
• Even in the South the majority of the people who fought in the front lines were poor men who didn't own slaves. If you were wealthy and fighting, you were probably an officer. 
• Discuss the draft laws in the north.
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• Discuss the importance of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg.
• Both turning points of the war
• Gettysburg
• Lee's second invasion of the North
• Picket's charge
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• Blood Bath
• 70,000 men lost
• South loses 28,000
• Northern Victory
• 3 days of battle
• July 1-3 1863
• On July 4, the South surrenders
• Chancellorsville
• Southern victory
• South defeats 'Fighting' Joe Hooker
• Stonewall Jackson gets himself shot (in left arm; dies from infection from amputation) and killed though
• Jackson was Lee's best General
• "He was lost his left hand, but I have lost my right."
• Lee was basically running away from Grant for rest of the War
• How did Sherman use “Total War” against the South?
• During his March he destroyed everything in his path. 
• He wanted to shut down all of the South's recourses by destroying everything in his path.
• The way you defeat a country's willingness to support a war is take it to the people
• Make them not want to support the war anymore
• Who were the Presidents of the Confederacy and the United States during the Civil War?
• Abraham Lincoln (Union) and Jefferson Davis (Confederate)
• Both born in Kentucky
• What, exactly, did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
• It was a political weapon that Lincoln uses after the Northern victory at Antietam.
• It frees all the slaves in territories still in rebellion under Confederate control.
• Lincoln wanted slaves to either run away to the North or rebel