History Questions (pages 73 & 80)

1. Write a short paragraph in which you use the following key terms: charter, burgesses, joint-stock company.
1. A celebration was in order for everyone at the Virginia Company. The joint-stock company had finally received our charter from the king. The company didn't waste time; in December 1606, 144 settler in 3 ships were sent to build a new colony. 40 people died en-route to North America. The ships entered the Chesapeake bay in April 1607.
2. The next 12 years was a rocky ride for the colonists. After growing tobacco became a huge hit, the people wanted more say in their government. In 1619 the Virginia Company allowed the colonists have some say in their government. The ten towns each sent two representatives, called burgesses, to an assembly. The assembly had the right to make local laws for the colony. The House of Burgesses met for the first time on July 30, 1619.
2. Why did the Virginia Company establish settlements in North America?
1.   So the settlers there could look for gold and to establish trade in furs and fish.
3. What economic activity helped save the Jamestown settlement?
1. John Rolfe learned to grow tobacco. He also married Pocahontas, daughter of Chief Powhatan. This helped improve the relationship between the Natives and the colonists; which brought the fighting down.
4. Why do you think the king of England was willing to let a group of merchants try to establish a colony in North America?
1. Eventually, the people of Jamestown didn't like how their colony was being run by The Virginia Company in England. They hated how long it took to communicate back and forth. So, I think the king of England let the merchants establish their own colony because then they would be a little more independent, which would allow for less conflict and a larger spread of more English colonies. By creating a larger population of English in the new land, would mean there would be more land declared for England, which would make the king more powerful.
5. Create the Diagram and list two effects of Jamestown's growth
1. In 1614, colonists were allowed to rent plots of land. This motivated to the colonists to grow food crops to sell and work harder. 
2. In 1618, all of the colonists who had paid their own way to America were granted 100 acres of land. 
1. They also developed a land grant, a headright, of 50 acres to those who paid their own way. In addition, a settler also received 50 acres for each family member and servant over the age of 15. 
1. This system brought thousands of people to Virginia.
6. Study the map and graphics on page 72. What percentage of settlers in Plymouth were children?
1. 30%
1. PAGE 80
7.  Write a short paragraph in which you use the following key terms: dissent, persecute, Puritan, Separatist, Pilgrim, Mayflower Compact, toleration.
1. As Emily, a Separatist, boarded the ship for the New Land, she started to recall all persecutions she went through. She dissented the practices of the Anglican church. The Anglicans and Puritans had persecuted Emily and her family for 100s of years. The Puritans were the worst; they had little toleration for people with religious views other than their own. They would come right up to her in the market and yell and tell her that her beliefs were wrong. They had ran half of her early ancestors to the Netherlands. Once Emily and her family and the rest of the 102 people on the Mayflower set sail, she would no longer be a Separatist; she would officially be a Pilgrim.
2. They had been at sea for months and many of Emily's ship mates had died. All of a sudden there was a commotion on deck. They had spotted land! We went ashore on a cold day in December. The leaders of our voyage decided that to make sure we stayed unified as a colony, we create a document stating our intentions here in America and also the laws of our new settlement.The document was called the Mayflower Compact.
8. Identify the reasons why the Separatists left Europe for the Americas?
1. They disagreed with the beliefs and or practices of the Anglicans, King Henry VIII's new religion.
2. They also didn't want to reform the Anglican Church like some of the Protestants did.
3. They wanted to leave their churches to set up their own.
9. What freedom did Rhode Island offer that other colonies did not?
1. Religious freedom. The reason that Roger Williams was kicked out of Massachusetts was because he thought that people should not be persecuted for their religious practices. He believed that the government shouldn't force people to worship in a certain way. Rhode Island and Providence Plantations was the first place in America where people could worship freely.
10. What did the Mayflower Compact and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut have in common?
1. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut described the organization of representative government in detail.
2. The Mayflower Compact declared that whoever signed, promised to obey laws for the good of the colony.
3. Both documents were written laws that each colony had to follow. It also told the colonies how their government system was to be ran.
11. Create the diagram and describe the effects as colonists interacted with the Native Americans.
1. Squanto and Samoset showed the Pilgrims how to grow corn, beans and pumpkins and where to hunt and fish.
2. Squanto was kidnapped  to Europe and taught how to speak English.
3. Massasoit, a Wampanoag leader, signed a treaty with the Pilgrims which allowed the two groups to live in harmony.
12. Study the map on page 77. What products came from New Hampshire?
1. Rum
2. Lumber
3. Furs

Howard Zinn

Howard Zinn was a remarkable historian that just wanted history told through the eyes of the victim instead of the conqueror. He wanted people to know that the great European explorers weren’t the heroes that they are made out to be. Zinn didn’t want the mass genocide that Columbus or other explorers created to go unheard of. In two years time, Columbus massacred well over half the population of the natives on Haiti alone. I admire Howard Zinn’s approach to history; he wanted to inform people about “the discovery of American from the viewpoint of the Arawaks, of the Constitution from the standpoint of the slaves, of Andrew Jackson as seen by the Cherokees… of the Spanish-American war as seen by the Cubans…” 

US History Questions (8-22)

1) What is your general impression of the Americas before the arrival of Columbus?

            They were stable, well developing civilizations, until Columbus came and brought diseases and war upon them. 

2) What groups formed the Iroquois League? When was this group formed and for what reason?

            The Onondaga, Seneca, Mohawk, Oneida and Cayuga formed the Iroquois League. This league was formed in the 1500s to keep peace between the five nations.

3) What are hieroglyphics? What Native groups used them?

            Hieroglyphics use symbols or pictures to represent things, ideas, and sounds. They were used by the Mayans.

4) What type of dwelling was common among the people of the Southwest?

            Pueblos.

5) What was the first crop raised by Native Americans in Mexico?

            Maize.

1   6)What was the population of the Americas in 1491?

a.     10-100 million

2.    7)What advantages did the Europeans have over the Native Americans?

a.     They had better warfare technology such as gunpowder.

b.    They brought diseases with them that the natives had no idea how to deal with; therefore it killed quite a few hundred of them.

c.     The also knew how to write and read and the Natives did not.

3.   8) How did the crusades affect (or lead to) the discovery of the Americas?

a.     Roman Empire falls then splits into multiple pockets of countries. 1095- 1291- Technical Crusades. Came into contact with Muslims. Discover a taste for Asian spices, trade. 13th-14th Renaissance begins in Italy. Immediate trade through Asia. Don't want to pay tax so the begin to look  for different trade routes. 1492-- Columbus goes to American looking for resources, trade.

4.    9) What did Europe want in the East Indies (China, Japan, India, Malaysia)?

a.     Silk

b.    Spices

5.  10)  How was Marco Polo important to the Discovery of the Americas?

a.     When people read his book, it made people want to explore the world just as he did. Columbus read the book and it caused him to sail to America.

11) Create a chart with a list of Native Americans according to each region. For this chart give dates (if possible) for the raise and fall of the group. Also, include major achievements of each group.

·      Arctic

o   Inupiat

o   Yupik

·      Subarctic

o   Tanaina

o   Cree

o   Ojibway

§  Chippewa

o   Onondaga

·      Northwest Coast

o   Tlingit

o   Haida

o   Kwakiutl

o   Nootka

o   Chinook

o   Tillamook

·      Plateau

o   Yakima

o   Palus

o   Nez Percé

o   Wallla Walla

·      Great Basin

o   Northern Paiute

o   Paiute

·      California

o   Pomo

o   Chumash

·      Southwest

o   Navajo

        Started raising sheep in the 1600s

o   Hopi

o   Papago

·      Great Plains

o   Pueblo

o   Zuni

o   Apache

o   Comanche

o   Wichita

o   Mound Builders

§  Adena flourished in the Ohio Valley by 800 B.C.

o   Chickasaw

o   Osage

o   Pawnee

o   Omaha

o   Cheyenne

o   Sioux

o   Mandan

o   Crow

o   Blackfoot

·      Northeast Woodlands

o   Algonquian

o   Shawnee

o   Powhantan

o   Delaware

o   Miami

o   Fox

o   Sauk

o   Winnebago

o   Huron

o   Iroquois

o   Mohegan

o   Pequot

o   Seneca

o   Oneida

o   Narraganset

o   Mohawk

o   Cayuga

o   Ottawa

·      Southeast

o   Yuchi

o   Creek

o   Choctaw

o   Natchez

o   Seminole

·      Maya

o   300 A.D. – 1100 A.D.

·      Inca

·      Aztec

o    

·      Olmec

o   1500 B.C. – 300 B.C.

·